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Minimum equity needed for a 600.000 € home 12.000 € | Minimum equity needed with real estate commission | Maximum home you can afford 784.122 € |
To buy a 600.000 € home in Berlin, you need a minimum of 12.000 € to cover the purchase costs of . These purchase costs consist of notary fees of 2 % and transfer taxes of 0 €.
If the property is sold with a broker fee (“provision” in German) instead of “provisionfrei”, you need to bring an additional 3,57 % of the purchase price as your own capital 33.420 €.
You could also bring additional capital to reduce the loan amount. This is called a down payment and could lower the so-called loan-to-value ratio. If you put another 5% of the purchase price down, you can typically get a much better interest rate from the bank. For your desired home, this would amount to 72.000 €.
Based solely on your liquid savings of 80.000 €, you could afford a home priced at 1.142.857 € in 80.000 € and without a real estate agent, assuming that you use none of the methods to increase your savings the way banks count them (see below). How much the banks are willing to lend you will also depend on the income you bring and how they value the home. Based on the income you filled out, we estimate the maximum house price you can afford at about 784.122 €. But this is, of course, subject to closer review.
Review in detail how much equity you need, what value banks put on the properties you find and how you can expand how much home you can afford.
To the bank, equity is any asset that reduces their lending risk and increases your overall affordability. Typically, you need to use that capital, but there are also ways to keep your investments while having it count for the bank. The following are the most common forms of equity used to secure a mortgage:
The most straightforward form of equity is the money held in your checking (Girokonto) or savings accounts. Banks count these funds at 100 % of their value, making them the primary source of funds to cover mandatory purchase costs that usually must be paid upfront in cash.
If you do not want to liquidate your ETFs or stocks, we can find you banks that accept them as equity with a valuation haircut, often 60–80 %, due to market volatility. Proof via recent deposit and bank statements is required.
Lenders recognize these funds as equity as long as there is a signed declaration (Schenkung) confirming that the funds are a gift and not a loan that requires repayment.
Usable via additional land charge or cash-out. Banks usually can count up to 80–85 % of value minus outstanding debt as collateral, which can improve interest rates and borrowing power. In this way, the property of your parents could, for example, be used to improve your affordability and reduce the need for equity.
If your house needs renovation, you can do part of the work yourself. That can then count as sweat equity. Keep in mind that banks are very conservative in assessing the value of this equity. Do check in with one of our mortgage brokers to discuss the possibilities.
Indeed, it is possible to buy a home without bringing any of your own money, but it is very hard.
Other than the cases discussed above (using family gifts, sweat capital, or another property as collateral), the main exception is when you have a relatively high income compared to the value of the home you want to buy, and the home is very well priced compared to the valuation of the property by the bank. If these conditions are met, the banks have a solid guarantee of repayment and could extend you a loan to cover the purchase costs as well. Often, the solution in such cases is a private credit loan from a specialized bank, which is then recognized as equity by the bank that provides you with a mortgage for the property.
Typically, only permanent residents qualify for sizable personal credit loans; most temporary residents must pay the purchase costs in cash. Personal loans are not just more costly, but also usually limited to about 120–180 months, so monthly payments are higher. Carefully test your total affordability before proceeding.
Therefore, keep in mind that in most cases, you will at least have to finance all “nebenkosten”, the notary and other purchase fees, including the real estate agent if the property is not “provisionsfrei”.
Tip 1. Buy without real estate agent fees. This reduces the capital you need to bring.
Tip 2. Sign up with Hypofriend to access a dashboard that includes a valuation tool many banks use. This gives you an idea of whether banks are willing to fully finance your property.
Here is an example of how to calculate the equity you normally need. For a property priced at 300.000 €, your typical minimum requirement starts with the property transfer tax and about 2,0 % for notary fees and land registry. In a state with a 3,5 % transfer tax rate, such as Bavaria, these fees would be about 16.500 €. In Berlin (6,0 %), they would be 24.000 €, and in NRW (6,5 %), about 25.500 €.
If the bank requires an additional 5 % down payment to secure your mortgage, you would need a further 15.000 €. This means for a 300.000 € home, you should have roughly 31.500 € to 40.500 € in liquid equity without a broker. If a real estate agent is involved, plan for an extra 10.710 € to cover the 3,57 % commission.
For a 400.000 € property, the capital requirements increase as the additional purchase costs (taxes, notary, and land registry) and any down payment scale with the price.
Following typical rates, you should expect roughly 22.000 € to 34.000 € in cash for these costs alone, depending on the state, plus possibly 14.280 € to cover the 3,57 % commission for a real estate agent. When you add a 5 % down payment of 20.000 €, your total minimum equity is about 42.000 € to 54.000 € without a broker.
Most traditional bank advisors just tell you to put as much equity into the house as possible to lower your risk. At Hypofriend, we advise going deeper by weighing opportunity cost: what if you invest that money instead? Equity locked in the property is illiquid; a well-diversified ETF portfolio can compound. We advise that every euro of equity should deliver a clear benefit, such as reaching a loan-to-value (LTV) threshold that improves pricing.
In Germany, banks price in LTV tiers. Hitting key thresholds like 95 %, 90 %, or 80 % can reduce the rate on the entire loan. Beyond those tiers, extra equity often yields diminishing returns. We detail which equity levels best balance rate savings and long-term wealth building below.
There is no universal number. What matters is how your equity level affects your interest rate and long-term wealth building.
When you have found a specific property, we can advise you on what the best use of your money is, as we know at what level of equity the different banks change their interest rates, given the valuation of your desired property.
If the downpayment on the home is below 5 %, and your LTV is between 95 and 100 %, it means you have very little of your own money invested relative to the home’s value. This is considered a low equity position. With such a small stake, lenders see more risk, which often results in higher interest rates or stricter loan conditions.
If the equity you pay down on your home (in addition to the purchase fees) is at least 5% and up to 10%, you’re in the sweet spot. You have enough to secure a solid interest rate, so putting more money into the house now only yields marginal improvements. You’re mathematically better off investing any extra savings in a diversified global ETF portfolio. A well-diversified global ETF portfolio can yield 6-8% over the long term, while your mortgage costs around 3,5%. Don’t lose the spread!
If you have more than 10% home equity available, you’re in a strong position. While putting all your capital into the property minimizes debt, it can hurt long-term wealth. With a conservative 7.2% ETF return, the Rule of 72 suggests your money could double every 10 years. We typically recommend keeping a substantial portion of your capital liquid in ETFs rather than sinking it all into the property or buying a much larger home than you need.
While our calculator provides a great starting point, the exact house you can afford depends on several additional factors, including your age, your specific income type, and any existing debt payments.
In our experience, having an early consultation makes a significant difference in your journey. It helps you define a realistic savings target, explore alternatives such as family loans, and adjust your expectations to align with the 2026 market reality.
Beyond the numbers, we also advise you on how to search for properties effectively so you don’t waste time on homes that don’t fit your financial strategy.
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